UnstructuredMeshUtilities.cc

// -*- tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; coding: utf-8-with-signature -*-
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright 2000-2026 CEA (www.cea.fr) IFPEN (www.ifpenergiesnouvelles.com)
// See the top-level COPYRIGHT file for details.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* UnstructuredMeshUtilities.cc                                (C) 2000-2025 */
/*                                                                           */
/* Fonctions utilitaires sur un maillage.                                    */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
#include "arcane/utils/InvalidArgumentException.h"
#include "arcane/utils/FatalErrorException.h"
#include "arcane/utils/ParallelFatalErrorException.h"
#include "arcane/utils/ArgumentException.h"
#include "arcane/utils/Array.h"
#include "arcane/utils/Real3.h"
#include "arcane/utils/HashTableMap.h"
#include "arcane/utils/OStringStream.h"
#include "arcane/utils/ScopedPtr.h"
#include "arcane/utils/StringBuilder.h"
#include "arcane/utils/CheckedConvert.h"
#include "arcane/utils/PlatformUtils.h"
#include "arcane/utils/SmallArray.h"
#include "arcane/utils/NotImplementedException.h"
 
#include "arcane/core/IMesh.h"
#include "arcane/core/IMeshWriter.h"
#include "arcane/core/IParallelMng.h"
#include "arcane/core/MeshUtils.h"
#include "arcane/core/IItemFamily.h"
#include "arcane/core/ItemPrinter.h"
#include "arcane/core/VariableTypes.h"
#include "arcane/core/ItemPairGroup.h"
#include "arcane/core/ISubDomain.h"
#include "arcane/core/ServiceBuilder.h"
#include "arcane/core/IParallelReplication.h"
#include "arcane/core/Timer.h"
#include "arcane/core/IMeshPartitioner.h"
#include "arcane/core/IPrimaryMesh.h"
#include "arcane/core/IMeshChecker.h"
#include "arcane/core/IItemFamilyNetwork.h"
#include "arcane/core/NodesOfItemReorderer.h"
 
#include "arcane/mesh/UnstructuredMeshUtilities.h"
#include "arcane/ConnectivityItemVector.h"
#include "arcane/mesh/NewItemOwnerBuilder.h"
#include "arcane/mesh/ParticleFamily.h"
#include "arcane/mesh/GraphDoFs.h"
#include "arcane/mesh/BasicItemPairGroupComputeFunctor.h"
#include "arcane/mesh/MeshNodeMerger.h"
#include "arcane/mesh/ConnectivityNewWithDependenciesTypes.h"
#include "arcane/mesh/ItemsOwnerBuilder.h"
 
#include <algorithm>
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
namespace Arcane
{
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
UnstructuredMeshUtilities(IMesh* mesh)
: TraceAccessor(mesh->traceMng())
, m_mesh(mesh)
, m_compute_adjacency_functor(new BasicItemPairGroupComputeFunctor(traceMng()))
{
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
~UnstructuredMeshUtilities()
{
  delete m_compute_adjacency_functor;
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
changeOwnersFromCells()
{
  // On suppose qu'on connait les nouveaux propriétaires des mailles, qui
  // se trouvent dans cells_owner. Il faut
  // maintenant déterminer les nouveaux propriétaires des noeuds et
  // des faces. En attendant d'avoir un algorithme qui équilibre mieux
  // les messages, on applique le suivant:
  // - chaque sous-domaine est responsable pour déterminer le nouveau
  // propriétaire des noeuds et des faces qui lui appartiennent.
  // - pour les noeuds, le nouveau propriétaire est le nouveau propriétaire
  // de la maille connectée à ce noeud dont le uniqueId() est le plus petit.
  // - pour les faces, le nouveau propriétaire est le nouveau propriétaire
  // de la maille qui est derrière cette face s'il s'agit d'une face
  // interne et de la maille connectée s'il s'agit d'une face frontière.
  // - pour les noeuds duaux, le nouveau propriétaire est le nouveau propriétaire
  // de la maille connectée à l'élément dual
  // - pour les liaisons, le nouveau propriétaire est le nouveau propriétaire
  // de la maille connectée au premier noeud dual, c'est-à-dire le propriétaire
  // du premier noeud dual de la liaison
 
  // Outil d'affectation des owners pour les items
  mesh::NewItemOwnerBuilder owner_builder;
 
  VariableItemInt32& nodes_owner(m_mesh->nodeFamily()->itemsNewOwner());
  VariableItemInt32& edges_owner(m_mesh->edgeFamily()->itemsNewOwner());
  VariableItemInt32& faces_owner(m_mesh->faceFamily()->itemsNewOwner());
  VariableItemInt32& cells_owner(m_mesh->cellFamily()->itemsNewOwner());
 
  // Détermine les nouveaux propriétaires des noeuds
  {
    ENUMERATE_NODE(i_node,m_mesh->ownNodes()){
      const Node node = *i_node;
      const Cell cell = owner_builder.connectedCellOfItem(node);
#ifdef ARCANE_DEBUG_LOAD_BALANCING
      if (nodes_owner[node]!= cells_owner[cell]){
        info() << "New owner for node: " << ItemPrinter(node) << " cell=" << ItemPrinter(cell)
               << " old_owner=" << nodes_owner[node]
               << " current_cell_owner=" << cell.owner()
               << " new_owner=" << cells_owner[cell];
      }
#endif /* ARCANE_DEBUG_LOAD_BALANCING */
      nodes_owner[node] = cells_owner[cell];
    }
    nodes_owner.synchronize();
  }
 
  // Détermine les nouveaux propriétaires des arêtes
  {
    ENUMERATE_EDGE(i_edge,m_mesh->ownEdges()){
      const Edge edge = *i_edge;
      const Cell cell = owner_builder.connectedCellOfItem(edge);
#ifdef ARCANE_DEBUG_LOAD_BALANCING
      if (edges_owner[edge] != cells_owner[cell]) {
        info() << "New owner for edge: " << ItemPrinter(edge) << " cell=" << ItemPrinter(cell)
            << " old_owner=" << edges_owner[edge]
            << " current_cell_owner=" << cell.owner()
            << " new_owner=" << cells_owner[cell];
      }
#endif /* ARCANE_DEBUG_LOAD_BALANCING */
      edges_owner[edge] = cells_owner[cell];
    }
    edges_owner.synchronize();
  }
 
  // Détermine les nouveaux propriétaires des faces
  {
    ENUMERATE_FACE(i_face,m_mesh->ownFaces()){
      const Face face = *i_face;
      const Cell cell = owner_builder.connectedCellOfItem(face);
      faces_owner[face] = cells_owner[cell];
    }
    faces_owner.synchronize();
  }
  
 
  // Détermine les nouveaux propriétaires des particules
  // Les particules ont le même propriétaire que celui de la maille dans
  // laquelle elle se trouve.
  for( IItemFamily* family : m_mesh->itemFamilies() ){
    if (family->itemKind()!=IK_Particle)
      continue;
    // Positionne les nouveaux propriétaires des particle
    VariableItemInt32& particles_owner(family->itemsNewOwner());
    ENUMERATE_PARTICLE (i_particle, family->allItems()) {
      Particle particle = *i_particle;
      Cell pcell = particle.cell();
      if (!pcell.null())
        particles_owner[particle] = cells_owner[pcell];
      else
        // Si la particule n'a pas de maille, son nouveau propriétaire est le propriétaire actuel.
        particles_owner[particle] = particle.owner();
    }
  }
 
  // GraphOnDoF
  if(m_mesh->itemFamilyNetwork())
  {
    // Dof with Mesh Item connectivity
    for( IItemFamily* family : m_mesh->itemFamilies() )
    {
      if (family->itemKind()!=IK_DoF || family->name()==mesh::GraphDoFs::linkFamilyName())
        continue;
      VariableItemInt32& dofs_new_owner(family->itemsNewOwner());
      std::array<Arcane::eItemKind,5> dualitem_kinds = {IK_Cell,IK_Face,IK_Edge,IK_Node,IK_Particle} ;
      for(auto dualitem_kind : dualitem_kinds)
      {
        IItemFamily* dualitem_family = dualitem_kind==IK_Particle? m_mesh->findItemFamily(dualitem_kind,mesh::ParticleFamily::defaultFamilyName(), false):
                                                                   m_mesh->itemFamily(dualitem_kind) ;
        if(dualitem_family)
        {
 
          VariableItemInt32& dualitems_new_owner(dualitem_family->itemsNewOwner());
          auto connectivity_name = mesh::connectivityName(family,dualitem_family) ;
          bool is_dof2dual = true ;
          auto connectivity = m_mesh->itemFamilyNetwork()->getConnectivity(family,dualitem_family,connectivity_name) ;
          if(!connectivity)
          {
            connectivity = m_mesh->itemFamilyNetwork()->getConnectivity(dualitem_family,family,connectivity_name) ;
            is_dof2dual = false ;
          }
 
          if(connectivity)
          {
            ConnectivityItemVector accessor(connectivity);
            if(is_dof2dual)
            {
              ENUMERATE_ITEM(item, family->allItems().own())
              {
                auto connected_items = accessor.connectedItems(ItemLocalId(item)) ;
                if(connected_items.size()>0)
                {
                  dofs_new_owner[*item] = dualitems_new_owner[connected_items[0]] ;
                }
              }
            }
            else
            {
              ENUMERATE_ITEM(item, dualitem_family->allItems())
              {
                ENUMERATE_ITEM(connected_item,accessor.connectedItems(ItemLocalId(item)))
                {
                  dofs_new_owner[*connected_item] = dualitems_new_owner[*item] ;
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    // Dof with DoF connectivity
    IItemFamily* links_family = m_mesh->findItemFamily(IK_DoF, mesh::GraphDoFs::linkFamilyName(), false);
    if(links_family)
    {
      VariableItemInt32& links_new_owner(links_family->itemsNewOwner());
      IItemFamily* dualnodes_family = m_mesh->findItemFamily(IK_DoF, mesh::GraphDoFs::dualNodeFamilyName(), false);
      if(dualnodes_family)
      {
        VariableItemInt32& dualnodes_new_owner(dualnodes_family->itemsNewOwner());
        auto connectivity_name = mesh::connectivityName(links_family,dualnodes_family) ;
        auto connectivity = m_mesh->itemFamilyNetwork()->getConnectivity(links_family,dualnodes_family,connectivity_name) ;
        if(connectivity)
        {
          ConnectivityItemVector accessor(connectivity);
          ENUMERATE_ITEM(item, links_family->allItems().own())
          {
            auto connected_items = accessor.connectedItems(ItemLocalId(item)) ;
            if(connected_items.size()>0)
            {
              links_new_owner[*item] = dualnodes_new_owner[connected_items[0]] ;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
 
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
localIdsFromConnectivity(eItemKind item_kind,
                         IntegerConstArrayView items_nb_node,
                         Int64ConstArrayView items_connectivity,
                         Int32ArrayView local_ids,
                         bool allow_null)
{
  Integer nb_item = items_nb_node.size();
  if (item_kind!=IK_Face && item_kind!=IK_Cell)
    throw InvalidArgumentException(A_FUNCINFO,"item_kind",
                                   "IK_Cell or IK_Face expected",
                                   (int)item_kind);
  if (item_kind==IK_Cell)
    throw NotImplementedException(A_FUNCINFO,"not implemented for cells");
 
  if (nb_item!=local_ids.size())
    throw InvalidArgumentException(A_FUNCINFO,"local_ids",
                                   "Size different from 'items_nb_node'",
                                   (int)item_kind);
 
  Integer item_connectivity_index = 0;
  Int64UniqueArray buf;
  buf.reserve(256);
  ItemInternalList nodes(m_mesh->itemsInternal(IK_Node));
  for( Integer i=0; i<nb_item; ++i ){
    Integer current_nb_node = items_nb_node[i];
    Int64ConstArrayView current_nodes(current_nb_node,items_connectivity.data()+item_connectivity_index);
    item_connectivity_index += current_nb_node;
    if (item_kind==IK_Face){
      buf.resize(current_nb_node);
      mesh_utils::reorderNodesOfFace(current_nodes,buf);
      Int64 first_node_uid = buf[0];
      Int64ArrayView first_node_uid_array(1,&first_node_uid);
      Int32 first_node_lid = CheckedConvert::toInt32(buf[0]);
      Int32ArrayView first_node_lid_array(1,&first_node_lid);
      m_mesh->nodeFamily()->itemsUniqueIdToLocalId(first_node_lid_array,first_node_uid_array,!allow_null);
      if (first_node_lid == NULL_ITEM_LOCAL_ID){
        if (allow_null){
          local_ids[i] = NULL_ITEM_LOCAL_ID;
        }
        else {
          StringBuilder sb("Face with nodes (");
          for(Integer j=0;j<current_nb_node;++j) {
            if (j != 0) sb += " ";
            sb += current_nodes[j];
          }
          sb += ") not found (first node ";
          sb += first_node_uid;
          sb += " not found)";
          ARCANE_FATAL(sb.toString());
        }
        continue;
      }
 
      Node node(nodes[first_node_lid]);
      Face face(mesh_utils::getFaceFromNodesUnique(node,buf));
      if (face.null()){
        if (allow_null){
          local_ids[i] = NULL_ITEM_LOCAL_ID;
        }
        else {
          StringBuilder sb("Face with nodes (");
          for(Integer j=0;j<current_nb_node;++j) {
            if (j != 0) sb += " ";
            sb += current_nodes[j];
          }
          sb += ") not found";
          ARCANE_FATAL(sb.toString());
        }
      }
      else
        local_ids[i] = face.localId();
    }
  }
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
getFacesLocalIdFromConnectivity(ConstArrayView<ItemTypeId> items_type,
                                ConstArrayView<Int64> items_connectivity,
                                ArrayView<Int32> local_ids,
                                bool allow_null)
{
  Int32 nb_item = items_type.size();
 
  if (nb_item!=local_ids.size())
    throw InvalidArgumentException(A_FUNCINFO,"local_ids",
                                   "Size different from 'items_type'");
 
  Int32 item_connectivity_index = 0;
  ItemTypeMng* item_type_mng = m_mesh->itemTypeMng();
  NodesOfItemReorderer face_reorderer(item_type_mng);
 
  ItemInternalList nodes(m_mesh->itemsInternal(IK_Node));
  for( Integer i=0; i<nb_item; ++i ){
    ItemTypeId current_type_id = items_type[i];
    Int32 current_nb_node = item_type_mng->typeFromId(current_type_id)->nbLocalNode();
    Int64ConstArrayView current_nodes(current_nb_node,items_connectivity.data()+item_connectivity_index);
    item_connectivity_index += current_nb_node;
 
    face_reorderer.reorder(current_type_id,current_nodes);
    ConstArrayView<Int64> buf(face_reorderer.sortedNodes());
    Int64 first_node_uid = buf[0];
    Int64ArrayView first_node_uid_array(1,&first_node_uid);
    Int32 first_node_lid = CheckedConvert::toInt32(buf[0]);
    Int32ArrayView first_node_lid_array(1,&first_node_lid);
    m_mesh->nodeFamily()->itemsUniqueIdToLocalId(first_node_lid_array,first_node_uid_array,!allow_null);
    if (first_node_lid == NULL_ITEM_LOCAL_ID){
      if (allow_null){
        local_ids[i] = NULL_ITEM_LOCAL_ID;
      }
      else {
        StringBuilder sb("Face with nodes (");
        for(Integer j=0;j<current_nb_node;++j) {
          if (j != 0) sb += " ";
          sb += current_nodes[j];
        }
        sb += ") not found (first node ";
        sb += first_node_uid;
        sb += " not found)";
        ARCANE_FATAL(sb.toString());
      }
      continue;
    }
 
    Node node(nodes[first_node_lid]);
    Face face(MeshUtils::getFaceFromNodesUnique(node,buf));
    if (face.null()){
      if (allow_null){
        local_ids[i] = NULL_ITEM_LOCAL_ID;
      }
      else {
        StringBuilder sb("Face with nodes (");
        for(Integer j=0;j<current_nb_node;++j) {
          if (j != 0) sb += " ";
          sb += current_nodes[j];
        }
        sb += ") not found";
        ARCANE_FATAL(sb.toString());
      }
    }
    else
      local_ids[i] = face.localId();
  }
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
Real3 UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
_round(Real3 value)
{
  Real3 rvalue = value;
  // Evite les problèmes d'arrondi numérique
  if (math::isNearlyZero(value.x))
    rvalue.x = 0.0;
  if (math::isNearlyZero(value.y))
    rvalue.y = 0.0;
  if (math::isNearlyZero(value.z))
    rvalue.z = 0.0;
 
  if (math::isNearlyEqual(value.x,1.0))
    rvalue.x = 1.0;
  if (math::isNearlyEqual(value.y,1.0))
    rvalue.y = 1.0;
  if (math::isNearlyEqual(value.z,1.0))
    rvalue.z = 1.0;
 
  if (math::isNearlyEqual(value.x,-1.0))
    rvalue.x = -1.0;
  if (math::isNearlyEqual(value.y,-1.0))
    rvalue.y = -1.0;
  if (math::isNearlyEqual(value.z,-1.0))
    rvalue.z = -1.0;
 
  return rvalue;
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
Real3 UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
computeNormal(const FaceGroup& face_group,const VariableNodeReal3& nodes_coord)
{
  String func_name = "UnstructuredMeshUtilities::computeNormal";
  IParallelMng* pm = m_mesh->parallelMng();
  Integer rank = pm->commRank();
  //Integer nb_item = face_group.size();
  Integer nb_node = 0;
  Integer mesh_dimension = m_mesh->dimension();
  // 'global_normal' et 'total_global_normal' servent à determiner
  // une direction pour la surface en supposant qu'il s'agit
  // d'une surface externe. La direction sert ensuite à orienter
  // la normale calculée dans le sens normal sortante.
  Real3 global_normal = Real3::null();
  Real nb_global_normal_used_node = 0.0;
  ENUMERATE_FACE(iface,face_group){
    Face face = *iface;
    Integer face_nb_node = face.nbNode();
    nb_node += face_nb_node;
    
    if (face.isSubDomainBoundary() && face.isOwn()){
      Real3 face_normal;
      if (mesh_dimension==3){
        Real3 v1 = nodes_coord[face.node(1)] - nodes_coord[face.node(0)];
        Real3 v2 = nodes_coord[face.node(2)] - nodes_coord[face.node(0)];
        face_normal = math::vecMul(v1,v2);
      }
      else if (mesh_dimension==2){
        Real3 dir = nodes_coord[face.node(0)] - nodes_coord[face.node(1)];
        face_normal.x = - dir.y;
        face_normal.y = dir.x;
        face_normal.z = 0.0;
      }
      if (face.boundaryCell()==face.frontCell())
        face_normal = -face_normal;
      //info() << "ADD NORMAL normal=" << face_normal;
      global_normal = global_normal + face_normal;
      nb_global_normal_used_node += 1.0;
    }
  }
  // L'algorithme tente de déterminer les noeuds aux extrémités de la surface
  // On considère qu'il s'agit de ceux qui n'appartiennent qu'à une seule
  // face de la surface. Cela fonctionne bien si toutes les faces ont au moins
  // quatres arêtes. S'il y a des triangles, on suppose que ce n'est pas 
  // partout et dans ce cas on a au moins deux noeuds extrèmes connus.
  typedef HashTableMapT<Int32,Int32> NodeOccurenceMap;
  // Range dans la table pour chaque noeud le nombre de faces de la surface
  // auxquelles il est connecté.
  NodeOccurenceMap nodes_occurence(nb_node*2,true,nb_node);
  ENUMERATE_FACE(iface,face_group){
    Face face = *iface;
    for( NodeLocalId inode : face.nodeIds() ){
      NodeOccurenceMap::Data* v = nodes_occurence.lookup(inode);
      if (v)
        ++v->value();
      else{
        //info() << " ADD NODE " << ItemPrinter(*inode) << " coord=" << nodes_coord[inode];
        nodes_occurence.add(inode,1);
      }
    }
  }
  UniqueArray<Node> single_nodes;
  NodeLocalIdToNodeConverter nodes_internal(m_mesh->nodeFamily());
  nodes_occurence.each([&](NodeOccurenceMap::Data* d){
      if (d->value()==1){
        Node node = nodes_internal[d->key()];
        // En parallèle, ne traite que les noeuds qui nous appartiennent
        if (node.owner()==rank){
          single_nodes.add(node);
          //info() << "SINGLE NODE OWNER lid=" << d->key() << " " << ItemPrinter(node)
          //     << " coord=" << nodes_coord[node];
        }
      }
    });
  // Chaque sous-domaine collecte les coordonnées des noeuds des autres sous-domaines
  Integer nb_single_node = single_nodes.size();
  //info() << "NB SINGLE NODE= " << nb_single_node;
  Integer total_nb_single_node = pm->reduce(Parallel::ReduceSum,nb_single_node);
  Real3 total_global_normal;
  {
    Real all_min = 0.0;
    Real all_max = 0.0;
    Real all_sum = 0.0;
    Int32 min_rank = -1;
    Int32 max_rank = -1;
    pm->computeMinMaxSum(nb_global_normal_used_node,all_min,all_max,all_sum,min_rank,max_rank);
    Real3 buf;
    if (max_rank==rank){
      // Je suis celui qui a le point le plus loin. Je l'envoie aux autres.
      buf = global_normal;
    }
    pm->broadcast(Real3ArrayView(1,&buf),max_rank);
    total_global_normal = buf;
  }
 
  info() << "TOTAL SINGLE NODE= " << total_nb_single_node << " surface=" << face_group.name()
         << " global_normal = " << total_global_normal;
  if (total_nb_single_node<2){
    ARCANE_FATAL("not enough nodes connected to only one face");
  }
  Real3UniqueArray coords(nb_single_node);
  for( Integer i=0; i<nb_single_node; ++i ){
    coords[i] = nodes_coord[single_nodes[i]];
  }
  //Array<Real> all_nodes_coord_real;
  UniqueArray<Real3> all_nodes_coord;
  pm->allGatherVariable(coords,all_nodes_coord);
  //info() << " ALL NODES COORD n=" << all_nodes_coord_real.size();
  //Array<Real3> all_nodes_coord(total_nb_single_node);
  Real3 barycentre = Real3::null();
  for( Integer i=0; i<total_nb_single_node; ++i ){
    barycentre += all_nodes_coord[i];
  }
  barycentre /= (Real)total_nb_single_node;
  if (total_nb_single_node==2 && m_mesh->dimension()==3){
    // On a que deux noeuds. Il en faut au moins un troisième pour déterminer
    // la normale au plan. Pour cela, chaque processeur cherche le noeud de
    // la surface qui est le plus éloigné du barycentre des deux noeuds déjà
    // trouvé. Ce noeud le plus éloigné servira de troisième point pour le
    // plan.
    Real max_distance = 0.0;
    Node farthest_node;
    Real3 s0 = all_nodes_coord[0];
    Real3 s1 = all_nodes_coord[1];
    nodes_occurence.each([&](NodeOccurenceMap::Data* d){
        Node node = nodes_internal[d->key()];
        Real3 coord = nodes_coord[node];
        // Ne traite pas les deux noeuds du déjà trouvés
        if (math::isNearlyEqual(coord,s0))
          return;
        if (math::isNearlyEqual(coord,s1))
          return;
        Real distance = (coord - barycentre).squareNormL2();
        if (distance>max_distance){
          Real3 normal = math::cross(coord-s0, s1-s0);
          // On ne prend le noeud que s'il n'est pas aligné avec les deux autres.
          if (!math::isNearlyZero(normal.squareNormL2())){
            max_distance = distance;
            farthest_node = node;
          }
        }
      });
      
    if (!farthest_node.null()){
      info() << " FARTHEST NODE= " << ItemPrinter(farthest_node) << " dist=" << max_distance;
    }
    {
      Real3 farthest_coord = _broadcastFarthestNode(max_distance,farthest_node,nodes_coord);
      info() << " FARTHEST NODE ALL coord=" << farthest_coord;
      all_nodes_coord.add(farthest_coord);
    }
  }
  // Trie les noeuds pour que le calcul ne dépende pas de l'ordre des
  // opérations en parallèle.
  std::sort(std::begin(all_nodes_coord),std::end(all_nodes_coord));
  Integer nb_final_node = all_nodes_coord.size();
  Real3 full_normal = Real3::null();
  info() << " NB FINAL NODE=" << nb_final_node;
  for( Integer i=0; i<nb_final_node; ++i )
    info() << " NODE=" << all_nodes_coord[i];
  if (m_mesh->dimension()==2){
    if (nb_final_node!=2){
      ARCANE_FATAL("should have 2 border nodes in 2D mesh");
    }
    Real3 direction = all_nodes_coord[1] - all_nodes_coord[0];
    full_normal.x = - direction.y;
    full_normal.y = direction.x;
  }
  else if (m_mesh->dimension()==3){
    //nb_final_node = 3; // On prend que les 3 premiers points.
    // NOTE: on pourrait prendre tous les points, car si les trois premiers sont
    // alignés, la normale ne sera pas bonne.
    // Si on prend tous les points, il faut être sur qu'ils soient ordonnés
    // de telle sorte que la normale de trois points consécutifs est toujours
    // dans le même sens. Cela signifie si on a quatres points par exemple,
    // que ces 4 points forment un quadrangle non croisé (pas en forme
    // de papillon)
    Real3 first_normal = math::vecMul(all_nodes_coord[2]-all_nodes_coord[0],
                                      all_nodes_coord[1]-all_nodes_coord[0]);
    for( Integer i=0; i<nb_final_node; ++i ){
      Real3 s0 = all_nodes_coord[i];
      Real3 s1 = all_nodes_coord[(i+nb_final_node-1)%nb_final_node];
      Real3 s2 = all_nodes_coord[(i+1)%nb_final_node];
      Real3 normal = math::vecMul(s2-s0, s1-s0);
      info() << " ADD NORMAL: " << normal;
      full_normal += normal;
      info() << " FULL: " << full_normal;
    }
    if (math::isNearlyZero(full_normal.squareNormL2()))
      full_normal = first_normal;
  }
  else
    ARCANE_FATAL("invalid mesh dimension (should be 2 or 3)");
  Real a = full_normal.normL2();
  if (math::isZero(a))
    ARCANE_FATAL("invalid value for normal");
  full_normal /= a;
  Real b = total_global_normal.normL2();
  Real dir = 0.0;
  info() << " Normal is " << full_normal;
  if (!math::isZero(b)){
    total_global_normal /= b;
    dir = math::scaMul(full_normal,total_global_normal);
    if (dir<0.0)
      full_normal = -full_normal;
  }
  full_normal = _round(full_normal);
  info() << " Final normal is " << full_normal << " dir=" << dir;
  return full_normal;
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
Real3 UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
computeDirection(const NodeGroup& node_group,
                 const VariableNodeReal3& nodes_coord,
                 Real3* n1,Real3* n2)
{
  String func_name = "UnstructuredMeshUtilities::computeDirection";
  IParallelMng* pm = m_mesh->parallelMng();
  //Integer rank = pm->commRank();
  //Integer nb_node_own = node_group.own().size();
  //Integer total_nb_node_own = pm->reduce(Parallel::ReduceSum,nb_node_own);
  Real3 barycentre = Real3::null();
  ENUMERATE_NODE(inode,node_group.own()){
    barycentre += nodes_coord[inode];
  }
  Real r_barycentre[3];
  r_barycentre[0] = barycentre.x;
  r_barycentre[1] = barycentre.y;
  r_barycentre[2] = barycentre.z;
  RealArrayView rav(3,r_barycentre);
  pm->reduce(Parallel::ReduceSum,rav);
  barycentre = Real3(rav[0],rav[1],rav[2]);
  debug() << " BARYCENTRE COMPUTE DIRECTION = " << barycentre;
  pm->barrier();
 
  // Détermine le noeud le plus éloigné du barycentre
  Real3 first_boundary_coord;
  {
    Real max_distance = 0.0;
    Node farthest_node;
    ENUMERATE_NODE(inode,node_group.own()){
      Node node = *inode;
      Real3 coord = nodes_coord[node];
      Real distance = (coord - barycentre).squareNormL2();
      if (distance>max_distance){
        max_distance = distance;
        farthest_node = node;
      }
    }
    first_boundary_coord = _broadcastFarthestNode(max_distance,farthest_node,nodes_coord);
    if (n1)
      *n1 = first_boundary_coord;
  }
  Real3 second_boundary_coord;
  {
    Real max_distance = 0.0;
    Node farthest_node;
    ENUMERATE_NODE(inode,node_group.own()){
      Node node = *inode;
      Real3 coord = nodes_coord[node];
      Real distance = (coord - first_boundary_coord).squareNormL2();
      if (distance>max_distance){
        max_distance = distance;
        farthest_node = node;
      }
    }
    second_boundary_coord = _broadcastFarthestNode(max_distance,farthest_node,nodes_coord);
    if (n2)
      *n2 = second_boundary_coord;
  }
  Real3 direction = second_boundary_coord - first_boundary_coord;
  Real norm = direction.normL2();
  if (math::isZero(norm)){
    ARCANE_FATAL("Direction is null for group '{0}' first_coord={1} second_coord={2}",
                 node_group.name(),first_boundary_coord,second_boundary_coord);
  }
  return direction / norm;
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
Real3 UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
_broadcastFarthestNode(Real distance,const Node& farthest_node,
                       const VariableNodeReal3& nodes_coord)
{
  String func_name = "UnstructuredMeshUtilities::_broadcastFarthestNode()";
  IParallelMng* pm = m_mesh->parallelMng();
  Integer rank = pm->commRank();
 
  Real all_min_distance = 0.0;
  Real all_max_distance = 0.0;
  Real all_sum_distance = 0.0;
  Int32 min_rank = -1;
  Int32 max_rank = -1;
  pm->computeMinMaxSum(distance,all_min_distance,all_max_distance,all_sum_distance,min_rank,max_rank);
  Real3 buf;
  if (!farthest_node.null())
    debug() << " FARTHEST NODE myself coord=" << nodes_coord[farthest_node]
            << " distance=" << distance
            << " rank=" << max_rank
            << " max_distance=" << all_max_distance;
  else
    debug() << " FARTHEST NODE myself coord=none"
            << " distance=" << distance
            << " rank=" << max_rank
            << " max_distance=" << all_max_distance;
 
  if (max_rank==rank){
    if (farthest_node.null())
      ARCANE_FATAL("can not find farthest node");
    // Je suis celui qui a le point le plus loin. Je l'envoie aux autres.
    buf = nodes_coord[farthest_node];
    debug() << " I AM FARTHEST NODE ALL coord=" << buf;
  }
  pm->broadcast(Real3ArrayView(1,&buf),max_rank);
  Real3 farthest_coord(buf);
  debug() << " FARTHEST NODE ALL coord=" << farthest_coord
          << " rank=" << max_rank
          << " max_distance=" << all_max_distance;
  return farthest_coord;
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
computeAdjency(ItemPairGroup adjency_array,eItemKind link_kind,Integer nb_layer)
{
  m_compute_adjacency_functor->computeAdjacency(adjency_array, link_kind, nb_layer);
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
bool UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
writeToFile(const String& file_name,const String& service_name)
{
  ServiceBuilder<IMeshWriter> sb(m_mesh->handle());
  auto mesh_writer = sb.createReference(service_name,SB_AllowNull);
  
  if (!mesh_writer){
    UniqueArray<String> available_names;
    sb.getServicesNames(available_names);
    warning() << String::format("The specified service '{0}' to write the mesh is not available."
                                " Valid names are {1}",service_name,available_names);
    return true;
  }
  mesh_writer->writeMeshToFile(m_mesh,file_name);
  return false;
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
partitionAndExchangeMeshWithReplication(IMeshPartitionerBase* partitioner,
                                        bool initial_partition)
{
  IPrimaryMesh* primary_mesh = partitioner->primaryMesh();
  IMesh* mesh = primary_mesh;
  if (mesh!=this->m_mesh)
    throw ArgumentException(A_FUNCINFO,"partitioner->mesh() != this->m_mesh");
 
  IParallelMng* pm = mesh->parallelMng();
  ITimeStats* ts = pm->timeStats();
  IParallelReplication* pr = pm->replication();
  bool has_replication = pr->hasReplication();
 
  // En mode réplication, seul le premier réplicat fait l'équilibrage.
  // Il doit ensuite envoyer aux autres ces informations de maillage
  // pour qu'ils aient le même maillage.
 
  info() << "Partition start date=" << platform::getCurrentDateTime();
  if (pr->isMasterRank()){
    Timer::Action ts_action1(ts,"MeshPartition",true);
    info() << "Partitioning the mesh (initial?=" << initial_partition << ")";
    partitioner->partitionMesh(initial_partition);
  }
  else
    info() << "Waiting for partition information from the master replica";
 
  if (has_replication){
    pm->barrier();
 
    // Vérifie que toute les familles sont les mêmes.
    mesh->checker()->checkValidReplication();
 
    Int32 replica_master_rank = pr->masterReplicationRank();
    IParallelMng* rep_pm = pr->replicaParallelMng();
 
    // Seul le replica maitre a les bons propriétaires. Il faut mettre
    // à jour les autres à partir de celui-ci. Pour cela on synchronize
    // les propriétaires des mailles et ensuite on met à jour les autres familles
    // à partir des propriétaires des mailles.
    {
      Int32ArrayView owners = mesh->cellFamily()->itemsNewOwner().asArray();
      rep_pm->broadcast(owners,replica_master_rank);
      if (!pr->isMasterRank()){
        changeOwnersFromCells();
      }
    }
  }
  info() << "Partition end date=" << platform::getCurrentDateTime();
  {
    Timer::Action ts_action2(ts,"MeshExchange",true);
    primary_mesh->exchangeItems();
  }
  info() << "Exchange end date=" << platform::getCurrentDateTime();
  partitioner->notifyEndPartition();
 
  // Il faut recompacter pour se retrouver dans la même situation que
  // si on avait juste lu un maillage directement (qui fait un prepareForDump()
  // lors de l'appel à endAllocate()).
  // On le fait aussi en cas de réplication pour éviter d'éventuelles
  // incohérences si par la suite certains réplicas appellent cette
  // méthode et pas les autres.
  // TODO: regarder s'il faut le faire aussi en cas de repartitionnement.
  if (initial_partition || has_replication)
    mesh->prepareForDump();
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
mergeNodes(Int32ConstArrayView nodes_local_id,
           Int32ConstArrayView nodes_to_merge_local_id,
           bool allow_non_corresponding_face)
{
  mesh::MeshNodeMerger merger(m_mesh);
  merger.mergeNodes(nodes_local_id, nodes_to_merge_local_id, allow_non_corresponding_face);
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
computeAndSetOwnersForNodes()
{
  mesh::ItemsOwnerBuilder owner_builder(m_mesh);
  owner_builder.computeNodesOwner();
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
computeAndSetOwnersForEdges()
{
  mesh::ItemsOwnerBuilder owner_builder(m_mesh);
  owner_builder.computeEdgesOwner();
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
computeAndSetOwnersForFaces()
{
  mesh::ItemsOwnerBuilder owner_builder(m_mesh);
  owner_builder.computeFacesOwner();
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
namespace
{
  void _recomputeUniqueIds(IItemFamily* family)
  {
    SmallArray<Int64> unique_ids;
    ENUMERATE_ (ItemWithNodes, iitem, family->allItems()) {
      ItemWithNodes item = *iitem;
      Int32 index = 0;
      unique_ids.resize(item.nbNode());
      for (Node node : item.nodes()) {
        unique_ids[index] = node.uniqueId();
        ++index;
      }
      Int64 new_uid = MeshUtils::generateHashUniqueId(unique_ids);
      item.mutableItemBase().setUniqueId(new_uid);
    }
    family->notifyItemsUniqueIdChanged();
  }
} // namespace
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
void UnstructuredMeshUtilities::
recomputeItemsUniqueIdFromNodesUniqueId()
{
  IMesh* mesh = m_mesh;
  ARCANE_CHECK_POINTER(mesh);
  ITraceMng* tm = mesh->traceMng();
 
  tm->info() << "Calling RecomputeItemsUniqueIdFromNodesUniqueId()";
  // D'abord indiquer que les noeuds ont changés pour éventuellement
  // remettre à jour l'orientation des faces.
  mesh->nodeFamily()->notifyItemsUniqueIdChanged();
  _recomputeUniqueIds(mesh->edgeFamily());
  _recomputeUniqueIds(mesh->faceFamily());
  _recomputeUniqueIds(mesh->cellFamily());
}
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
} // End namespace Arcane
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/